Tuesday, 24 January 2017

Day 8 Understanding Greed and Fear: Confirmation Bias



After Disposition Effect, today I am going to talk about another very prevalent bias in our behavior: Confirmation Bias. Confirmation bias is when someone forms an opinion and then will accept only information that agrees with it discounting or ignoring everything else.

To understand this, we have to take a step back and understand how belief's work and affect us. Over a period, a limited set of experiences take root in our brains and give rise to our Core Beliefs. Most of the time these beliefs govern our behaviour in the real world and protect us from danger and harm. As a result, we also carry over or extrapolate these to challenges in the modern world where the dangers are more mental or to the mind. At times we also get blinded by these beliefs which lead to mistakes that can have serious repercussions.

Let us see some very famous examples of beliefs leading to confirmation bias and the consequent outcome.

Belief: President Bush believed that Iraq had Weapons of Mass Destruction. Confirmation Bias led him to see and believe only data which supported his belief. And we know how it ended. When the US army invaded Iraq, they found no weapons of mass destruction.



Belief: Donald Trump was a joke and that Hillary Clinton was going to win the primaries and then the US presidential election? Nate Silver,someone who hasnt been wrong for a while now, for example, said Clinton had a 99% chance of winning the Michigan democratic primary. Confirmation Bias led someone as data driven as Nate Silver to ignore what his data and models were telling him and he let his beliefs take over under the excuse that Donald Trump was an out lier as a candidate. Result: Hillary Clinton lost Michigan Primaries to Sanders and also lost Michigan and also the election to Trump. Sui Generis was Silver's excuse
.


Belief: Closer home let us look at a recent event. The belief was Demonetization will result in black money hoarders not depositing money in the banking system. Hence almost 20-30% of the currency in circulation will not come back. This was stated by the Attorney General in the Supreme Court. Now we dont know what were the assumptions or data backing the decision of the RBI and the Government but its more likely now that they presented data which supported this claim rather than looking at the data objectively and then coming to a conclusion. Instead today it is estimated that 95% of the money has come back into the system. Now the jury is still out on the longer term benefits of this exercise but the quick win of a windfall gain for the goverment has not materialised.
                                              

If such smart, resouceful and powerful entities and institutions can fall prey to confirmation bias then you can imagine what the average retail investor faces.


Tomorrow we will see precisely that.

Regards
Anish

http://thenudge.ketto.org/anishpteli 


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